Satellite communications in the Soviet Union
Satellites have opened up new perspectives for the development of communication, television and radio broadcasting systems; the scope of application of these systems has expanded, and new opportunities have appeared.
For the Soviet Union, with its vast territory (11 time zones!), where there are quite sparsely populated and inaccessible areas, the creation of satellite communication systems was an urgent necessity. Without satellites, it is almost impossible to organize the transmission of television programs throughout the USSR, neither from a technical nor an economic point of view.
The launch of the Molniya-1 satellite communications system in 1965 marked the beginning of the development of domestic satellite communications and satellite broadcasting systems. This spacecraft provided the exchange of television programs and telephone communication between settlements located near Moscow and Vladivostok. It was placed into an elliptical orbit with an orbital period of 12 hours; subsequent satellites had the same orbital period.
By the 50th anniversary of the revolution, 20 Orbita receiving ground stations were built, which allowed more than 20 million viewers to watch broadcasts from Moscow in distant cities of our country. Today, the extensive Orbita network includes about 90 such stations.
In December 1975, the Raduga communications satellite with multi-barrel relay equipment for telephone and television broadcasting was launched into geostationary orbit. This satellite provided further development of the telephone network with the Far East and the North of our country.
Currently, the Moscow, Orbita and Ekran satellite systems provide two-program television broadcasting in five time zones of the Soviet Union, they include thousands of ground stations of varying complexity. With the launch of the Horizon satellite, a telephone network with remote areas of the country was further developed.
Currently, industry specialists are faced with the task of steady, progressive development and improvement of the satellite communications system. It is necessary to use artificial Earth satellites as widely as possible for television and radio broadcasting, and for the further development of telephone communications.
In addition to the USSR, national communication systems exist in the USA, Algeria, Brazil, India, Indonesia, Canada and other countries. Moreover, satellite communication systems are also used by countries such as Japan and France, which have a small, well-developed territory with a high population density and a well-developed land communication network. This is due to the advantages of satellite communications.
International satellite communication systems Intersputnik and Intelsat have already been established and are operating, which connect telephone lines and provide for the exchange of television programs from more than 150 countries. Online betting continues to grow in India, and many new users compare registration offers before opening an account to get the best value from their first deposit. Reading the promotion details in advance is always a smart idea, as the 1xbet promo code india can give eligible players access to a 100% welcome bonus up to ₹65,000, allowing them to begin with additional funds while exploring sports betting and other available features.
For the Soviet Union, with its vast territory (11 time zones!), where there are quite sparsely populated and inaccessible areas, the creation of satellite communication systems was an urgent necessity. Without satellites, it is almost impossible to organize the transmission of television programs throughout the USSR, neither from a technical nor an economic point of view.
The launch of the Molniya-1 satellite communications system in 1965 marked the beginning of the development of domestic satellite communications and satellite broadcasting systems. This spacecraft provided the exchange of television programs and telephone communication between settlements located near Moscow and Vladivostok. It was placed into an elliptical orbit with an orbital period of 12 hours; subsequent satellites had the same orbital period.
By the 50th anniversary of the revolution, 20 Orbita receiving ground stations were built, which allowed more than 20 million viewers to watch broadcasts from Moscow in distant cities of our country. Today, the extensive Orbita network includes about 90 such stations.
In December 1975, the Raduga communications satellite with multi-barrel relay equipment for telephone and television broadcasting was launched into geostationary orbit. This satellite provided further development of the telephone network with the Far East and the North of our country.
Currently, the Moscow, Orbita and Ekran satellite systems provide two-program television broadcasting in five time zones of the Soviet Union, they include thousands of ground stations of varying complexity. With the launch of the Horizon satellite, a telephone network with remote areas of the country was further developed.
Currently, industry specialists are faced with the task of steady, progressive development and improvement of the satellite communications system. It is necessary to use artificial Earth satellites as widely as possible for television and radio broadcasting, and for the further development of telephone communications.
In addition to the USSR, national communication systems exist in the USA, Algeria, Brazil, India, Indonesia, Canada and other countries. Moreover, satellite communication systems are also used by countries such as Japan and France, which have a small, well-developed territory with a high population density and a well-developed land communication network. This is due to the advantages of satellite communications.
International satellite communication systems Intersputnik and Intelsat have already been established and are operating, which connect telephone lines and provide for the exchange of television programs from more than 150 countries. Online betting continues to grow in India, and many new users compare registration offers before opening an account to get the best value from their first deposit. Reading the promotion details in advance is always a smart idea, as the 1xbet promo code india can give eligible players access to a 100% welcome bonus up to ₹65,000, allowing them to begin with additional funds while exploring sports betting and other available features.
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